探索学校音乐治疗中基于音乐的“肖像歌曲”干预
斯特拉·勒纳(Stella Lerner)的基于歌曲的方法
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15845/voices.v21i3.3144关键词:
songwriting, school music therapy, song composition, observational study, music-based intervention摘要
歌曲创作已经成为音乐治疗的主要方法之一。许多出版物侧重于各种帮助儿童和成人的个体或集体的歌曲创作技巧。本研究探讨了一种非合作性的以歌曲为基础的干预方法,名为“肖像歌曲”,是治疗师为特定接受者创作的原创歌曲,并将其作为治疗工具。“肖像歌曲”干预由以色列音乐治疗师和作曲家斯特拉·勒纳女士开创并实施。该研究设定了两个具体目标:⑴ 探索“肖像歌曲”作为学校音乐治疗手段的本质;(2)检验“肖像歌曲”干预对学生成绩的影响。作者/研究人员担任外部观察者,评估以色列两所学校的“肖像歌曲”干预和学生体验,为患有广泛疾病的儿童提供音乐治疗方案。数据包括课堂观察期间编辑的现场笔记、对治疗师的大量采访,以及对乐谱和书面材料的检查。研究表明,“肖像歌曲”干预能够引导参与者进行更高水平的社会适应,改善身体技能,并与自我认同和自我效能领域相结合。勒纳创新的“肖像歌曲”干预可以让音乐治疗师了解为学校环境中的特定来访者创作完整治疗性歌曲(歌词和音乐)的可能性和好处。
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