Effects of Therapist Positioning within Patient Preferred Live Music on Positive and Negative Affect, Pain, and Trust in the Therapist with Adults on a Cardiovascular Unit: A Three-Group Randomized Pilot Effectiveness Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15845/voices.v20i1.2710Schlagworte:
music therapy, patient preferred live music, therapist position, cardiovascular, positive and negative affect, pain, trust in the therapistAbstract
Wirkung der Einstellung von MusiktherapeutInnen zur bevorzugten Musik von PatientInnen auf Affekt, Schmerz und Vertrauen: Eine dreiarmige randomisiert-kontrollierte Pilotstudie
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Obwohl das Fürspiel mit vom Patienten bevorzugter Musik (FPbM) eine wirksame musiktherapeutische Intervention für Stimmung und Schmerzreduktion bei stationären erwachsenen Patienten im medizinischen Setting sein kann, mangelt es an Literatur zur Einstellung von MusiktherapeutInnen zur bevorzugten Musik von PatientInnen.
Zielsetzung: Ziel dieser randomisiert-kontrollierten Pilotstudie war es, die Wirkung der TherapeutInneneinstellung zur bevorzugten Musik von erwachsenen PatientInnen auf deren Affekt, auf Schmerzen und auf das Vertrauen in die TherapeutInnen auf einer kardiologischen Station zu bestimmen.
Methode: Die Probandinnen (N=27) wurden randomisiert einer von drei Einzelsitzungsbedingungen zugeordnet: FPbM mit den TherapeutInnen sitzend, FPbM mit den TherapeutInnen stehend oder Wartelistenkontrolle. Positiver und negativer Affekt wurden mit der Global Mood Scale gemessen, Schmerzen mit einer 10-Punkte-Likert-Skala und das Vertrauen in die TherapeutInnen mit der Wake Forest Physician Trust Scale.
Ergebnisse: Die Ergebnisse zeigen keinen signifikanten Unterschied zwischen den Gruppen beim positiven Affekt, negativen Affekt oder bei den Schmerzen. Die Kontrollprobanden hatten tendenziell etwas niedrigere Mittelwerte beim Post-Test des positiven Affekts und etwas höhere Mittelwerte beim Post-Test des negativen Affekts und des Schmerz-Scores, was darauf hinweist, dass beide FPbM-Bedingungen vorteilhaftere Ergebnisse als die Kontrollbedingung. Unabhängig von der Einstellung der TherapeutInnen zeigen die Ergebnisse der deskriptiven Statistik für Affekt und Schmerzen nach FPbM vorteilhaftere Ergebnisse. Bezüglich des Vertrauens in die TherapeutInnen gab es keinen Unterschied zwischen den Bedingungen „TherapeutInnen sitzend“ und „TherapeutInnen stehend“.
Diskussion: Unabhängig von der Einstellung der TherapeutInnen kann eine einzelne FPbM-Sitzung eine wirksame Intervention für erwachsene Patienten auf einer kardiologischen Station zur sofortigen Verbesserung des positiven und negativen Affekts und der Schmerzen sein. Abschließend berichtet diese Pilotstudie über Limitationen, Schlussfolgerungen für die klinische Praxis und Empfehlungen für künftige Studien.
Schlüsselbegriffe: Musiktherapie, Fürspiel mit von PatientInnen bevorzugter Musik, Therapeuteneinstellung, Kardiologie, positiver und negativer Affekt, Schmerz, Vertrauen in den Therapeuten
Übersetzung: Josephine Geipel
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