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   <front>
      <journal-meta>
         <journal-id journal-id-type="DOAJ">15041611</journal-id>
         <journal-title-group>
            <journal-title>Voices: A World Forum for Music Therapy</journal-title>
         </journal-title-group>
         <issn>1504-1611</issn>
         <publisher>
            <publisher-name>GAMUT - Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre (NORCE &amp;
               University of Bergen)</publisher-name>
         </publisher>
      </journal-meta>
      <article-meta>
         <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15845/voices.v20i2.3116</article-id>
         <article-categories>
            <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
               <subject>Editorial</subject>
            </subj-group>
         </article-categories>
         <title-group>
            <article-title>“Change”</article-title>
         </title-group>
         <contrib-group>
            <contrib contrib-type="author">
               <name>
                  <surname>Hadley</surname>
                  <given-names>Susan</given-names>
               </name>
               <xref ref-type="aff" rid="S_Hadley"/>
               <address>
                  <email>susan.hadley@sru.edu</email>
               </address>
            </contrib>
         </contrib-group>
         <aff id="S_Hadley"><label>1</label>Slippery Rock University, USA</aff>
         <pub-date pub-type="pub">
            <day>1</day>
            <month>7</month>
            <year>2020</year>
         </pub-date>
         <volume>20</volume>
         <issue>2</issue>
         <permissions>
            <copyright-statement>Copyright: 2020 The Author(s)</copyright-statement>
            <copyright-year>2020</copyright-year>
            <license license-type="open-access"
               xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
               <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the
                     <uri>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</uri>, which permits
                  unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the
                  original work is properly cited.</license-p>
            </license>
         </permissions>
         <self-uri xlink:href="https://voices.no/index.php/voices/article/view/3116"
            >https://voices.no/index.php/voices/article/view/3116</self-uri>
      </article-meta>
   </front>
   <body>
      <p>Typically, editorials are straightforward, written with relative ease as they function to
         summarize and frame the articles you will find within a particular issue. Somewhat more
         conceptually elegant are editorials which are shaped by a common theme, which allows for a
         process of creatively weaving together a shared thematic thread that runs throughout the
         various articles submitted. There are other times when an editorial must weave into its
         structure a pressing current concern or event relevant to its readers. My initial aim was
         to do just that. As I first sat down to write this editorial, which was back in the middle
         of May, the world was undergoing a catastrophic pandemic, a devastating death toll caused
         by COVID-19. </p>
      <p>To date, millions of people around the world have contracted the virus and hundreds of
         thousands of people have died. And though we are all experiencing this pandemic, it is
         differentially impacting different communities, such as Black, Indigenous, and Brown
         communities, due to long-term disparities in health and access to nutritious food and
         affordable healthcare. We must take notice of the devastating impact on poor and
         under-resourced Asian and white communities for the same reasons. This global crisis is
         highlighting and magnifying these disparities. In fact, given the disproportionate impact
         COVID-19 has had on Black communities in the US, at the end of March, the guest editors of
         the next special issue for <italic>Voices—</italic>which will be a multidisciplinary issue
         on Black aesthetics and the arts therapies co-edited by Marisol Norris, Leah Gipson, and
         Britton Williams—requested that we postpone the next special issue precisely due to the
         impact that the pandemic was having on the authors for their special issue. For more about
         this, see their commentary in this issue. </p>
      <p>So, in mid-May, I had crafted an editorial in my mind around issues the readership was
         facing, how this was experienced differently depending on sociocultural and geographical
         location, and I had tied this into themes that are found in the articles in this issue. I
         considered how a sense of being, belonging, and becoming, experienced by Autistic adults in
         a singing group, as described by Laurel Young in this issue, is being challenged for music
         therapists in this pandemic; how the theme of continual “becomings” of something new, as
         described by Maevon Gumble in this issue, is something we are forced to consider in terms
         of our roles as music therapists in this pandemic; how, like music therapists, refugees, in
         seeking a new becoming, turn to music performance as a primary source for healing trauma as
         Bernard Austin Kigunda Muriithi demonstrates in this issue; how COVID-19 may be influencing
         the perceived impact of music therapy, which could be examined using Giorgos Tsiris, Neta
         Spiro, Owen Coggins, and Ania Zubala approach outlined in this issue as a guide; how what
         we unintentionally learn in moments like this is sometimes more significant than what we
         expected to learn, as described in the work conducted by Jim Hiller in this issue; and, how
         not only understanding the intersubjective experiences of profoundly disabled people, as
         described by Jiří Kantor in this issue, but also the complexities of telehealth, pose
         strong barriers for the development of a therapeutic relationship.</p>
      <p>And then on May 24<sup>th</sup> I woke up to an email from co-editor-in-chief, Brynjulf
         Stige, that was sent to Kat McFerran and me as the other co-editors-in-chief, in which he
         was informing us that he had decided to end his tenure at <italic>Voices </italic>in July
         of this year. I sat staring at my screen. While Brynjulf had been preparing us for a few
         years for this, it was suddenly very real. It took a while for it to sink in. It was 21
         years ago that Brynjulf and Carolyn Kenny conceived <italic>Voices</italic>. For Brynjulf
         to leave <italic>Voices </italic>is a monumental change, as it was in 2013 when Carolyn
         stepped down. And this change is one of a string of changes this year in our
            <italic>Voices</italic> team. For example, at the beginning of the year, Melody
         Schwantes let us know that she would be stepping down as copyeditor after the July issue,
         then Kat McFerran let us know that she would be stepping down as co-editor-in-chief once we
         could find a replacement, and also we have just been informed that our new production
         editor, Hilde Kjerland, is being moved into another role and will be being replaced. As
         Brynjulf’s email header aptly noted, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"
            xlink:href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=90WD_ats6eE">“The Times They Are A
            ’Changing”!</ext-link>
      </p>
      <p>Given all of this, I knew that the focus of the editorial would need to shift to reflect
         these changes. But how? I kept hearing Nina Simone, <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"
            xlink:href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P9ycirYfmcY">“Everything Must
            Change,”</ext-link> as I was taking in the effects of COVID-19 and all that was about to
         change at <italic>Voices</italic>.</p>

      <verse-group>
         <verse-line>everything must change</verse-line>
         <verse-line>nothing stays the same</verse-line>
         <verse-line>everyone will change</verse-line>
         <verse-line>no one, no one stays the same</verse-line>
      </verse-group>

      <verse-group>
         <verse-line>the young become the old</verse-line>
         <verse-line>and mysteries do unfold</verse-line>
         <verse-line>for that's the way of time</verse-line>
         <verse-line>no one, and nothing goes unchanged</verse-line>
      </verse-group>

      <verse-group>
         <verse-line>there are not many things in life one can be sure of</verse-line>
         <verse-line>except rain comes from the clouds</verse-line>
         <verse-line>sun lights up the sky</verse-line>
         <verse-line>hummingbirds fly</verse-line>
      </verse-group>
      <p>As I listened to her powerfully wise and instructive voice, I wondered what things in life
         we can ever be sure of, and more specifically in music therapy and in
            <italic>Voices.</italic> Yet, I was reassured of the power of music to transform us and
         to comfort us and to express our pains and our joys and our complexities. I was reassured
         that there is a community of people around the world who are committed to deepening our
         discussions on music, health, and social change. I felt appreciative of the great editorial
         team and reviewers we have who donate so much of their time and energy to maintaining a
         dialogical space at <italic>Voices.</italic> And I acknowledged that while everything must
         change, there are a few things in life we can be sure of, and one of these is our enduring
         relationships with music and our interconnectedness with each other, which COVID-19 has
         highlighted in so many ways. </p>
      <p>I could barely sit with all of this, when a day later, on May 25<sup>th</sup> another
         African American, George Floyd, was brutally murdered by police here in the US. As I
         watched this unfold on video for 8 minutes and 46 seconds, I felt physically sick and
         shaken, emotionally shaken to my core, and spiritually shaken. As I grieved for this Black
         man, his family, his community, and my community, I was reminded about how in the US and
         around the world Black people are, to so many people, ungrievable. Judith Butler (<xref
            ref-type="bibr" rid="B2016">2016</xref>) wrote:</p>
      <disp-quote>
         <p>One way of posing the question of who “we” are in these times of war is by asking whose
            lives are considered valuable, whose lives are mourned, and whose lives are considered
            ungrievable. We might think of war as dividing populations into those who are grievable
            and those who are not. An ungrievable life is one that cannot be mourned because it has
            never lived, that is, it has never counted as a life at all. We can see the division of
            the globe into grievable and ungrievable lives from the perspective of those who wage
            war in order to defend the lives of certain communities, and to defend them against the
            lives of others—even if it means taking those latter lives. (p. 38)</p>
      </disp-quote>
      <p>Here was another one of the “things in life we can be sure of,” and yet this one was so far
         from the comforting ones in Nina Simone’s song. This was a reminder that Black life is all
         too often not “counted as life at all.” Hearing George Floyd pleading and uttering multiple
         times “I can’t breathe” was eerily familiar. It is the exact same phrase repeated 11 times
         in the last moments of <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"
            xlink:href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Eric_Garner">Eric Garner</ext-link>’s
         life in Statton Island, New York, in 2014; 12 times in the last moments of <ext-link
            ext-link-type="uri"
            xlink:href="https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2020/jun/01/family-of-david-dungay-who-died-in-custody-express-solidarity-with-family-of-george-floyd"
            >David Dungay</ext-link>’s life as he was murdered by prison officers in New South
         Wales, Australia, in 2015; in the final moment of <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"
            xlink:href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_shooting_of_Eric_Harris">Eric
            Harris</ext-link>’ life in Tulsa, Oklahoma, in 2015 (where the response from the police
         officer was “Fuck your breath”); and in the final moment of <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"
            xlink:href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Manuel_Ellis">Manuel
         Ellis</ext-link>’ life in Tacoma, Washington, in 2020. “I can’t breathe” has become a
         rallying cry in the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"
            xlink:href="https://blacklivesmatter.com/">Black Lives Matter</ext-link> movements
         around the world to represent how Black and Brown people are restricted in their
         mobilities, denied possibilities, as well as literally having their breath denied them. As
         Bryant Keith Alexander wrote:</p>
      <disp-quote>
         <p>I am thinking about breathing in relation to our need to learn collective breathing in
            relation to that now notorious message, statement, and cry, “I Can’t Breathe”—often
            posted as white letters on a black t-shirt or on the forever reimagined hoodie of
            Trayvon Martin—now as emblematic of the construction of restrictive mobilities,
            unquestioned intentions, and denied possibilities not only as an indictment but as an
            opportunity to meditate on the realities of breathing and the potential consequences of
            not breathing. (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="AHJ2018">Alexander et al., 2018, p.
            2</xref>)</p>
      </disp-quote>
      <p>At this moment, I urge you to take a moment to remember all of the countless deaths of
         Black, Indigenous, and other People of Color (BIPOC) as a result of white supremacist
         policies and practices throughout our communities, while listening to and watching NYC
         Cellist Yves Dharamraj perform a five-cello arrangement of "When I am laid in earth"
         (Dido's Lament) from Henry Purcell's Dido and Aeneas as a protest for Black Lives Matter
         and <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://youtu.be/JMSuKqLYsgI">artistic
            tribute</ext-link> to George Floyd.</p>
      <p>As the news of George Floyd’s death began to spread, the differences in felt responses was
         palpable. Many “good” white people responded with disbelief and outrage that this murder
         could have happened. Most Black people felt the trauma of yet another person’s name to add
         to a long list, the repetition of racist lynchings of thousands of Black people in the US
         for decades. And yet while acknowledging these very real differences in response, there has
         been widespread protests where people of all races, from a wide range of geographical
         spaces (almost every continent), have come together, risking their health and lives during
         the most devastating pandemic of our lifetime, demanding change. The widespread prolonged
         nature of the current protests feels different from anything many of us have ever
         experienced. While I continue to feel quite pessimistic, there is a glimmer of hope that
         this could be an important inflection point. For a moment, Sam Cook’s voice enters into my
         consciousness, “it’s been a long, a long time coming, but I know <ext-link
            ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fPr3yvkHYsE">a change is
            gonna come.</ext-link>”</p>
      <p>So, for the past two weeks I have been unable to come up with a way to write this
         editorial. I have sat here at my computer with complete writers’ block. I wanted to find
         the right words to say at this time, to speak to what is, by any measure, a profoundly
         tragic time. But absolutely none were coming to me. There was just too much that felt too
         weighty to tie together into a coherent editorial statement. For those who know me, I am
         not usually at a loss for words. But here I was with none that were forthcoming. So,
         instead I decided to share the above to express the sheer difficulty I was having as I
         tried to find the words to express during this incredibly significant moment in our
         collectively shared history.</p>
      <p>I have mentioned all of this without even touching on what is happening in Hong Kong, or
         Palestine, or so many other places that are also experiencing significant social injustices
         and human rights violations. I have said nothing about the continued climate crisis and the
         impact that will have on future pandemics.</p>
      <p>And this all brings me back to Brynjulf Stige, co-founder of <italic>Voices</italic>, who
         reminds us of our complicity in systems of injustice, noting that we either “contribute to
         social control or to social and cultural change” (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="S2002">Stige,
            2002, p. 278</xref>). In other words, when we are not actively working towards social
         and cultural change, we are not bystanders, but we are actively contributing to social
         control. It is not enough to express outrage at what others have done or are doing, but we
         must open ourselves up to learn how we are contributing to social injustices and how we can
         actively work for social justice. We need to free ourselves from the tenacity with which we
         try to assure ourselves that we are the “good ones.” Such hubris and tenacity only conceal
         the very unjust practices that we must change. We need to challenge and move from our
         understanding of ourselves as neoliberal subjects, and instead acknowledge our
         interconnectedness, that all that we do and don’t do touches / impacts others in ways we
         often don’t even imagine or even want to imagine. We often think about how this happens in
         positive ways, yet we must pay close attention to the negative impacts. It is our
         responsibility to humanity, our commitment to community, our obligation to ourselves. </p>
   </body>
   <back>
      <notes notes-type="correction">
         <p>July 3, 2020, correction of name Giorgos Tsiris in third paragraph.</p>
      </notes>
      <ref-list>
         <ref id="AHJ2018">
            <!--Alexander, B. K., Huffman, T., & Johnson, A. (2018). Breath, breathe, breathing: Communication in/as acts of social justice (a metaphorical performative assemblage). <italic>Cultural Studies: Critical Methodologies, 18</italic>(5), 314–325. <uri>https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1532708617727755</uri>-->
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                     <surname>Alexander</surname>
                     <given-names>B K</given-names>
                  </name>
                  <name>
                     <surname>Huffman</surname>
                     <given-names>T</given-names>
                  </name>
                  <name>
                     <surname>Johnson</surname>
                     <given-names>A</given-names>
                  </name>
               </person-group>
               <year>2018</year>
               <article-title>Breath, breathe, breathing: Communication in/as acts of social justice
                  (a metaphorical performative assemblage)</article-title>
               <source>Cultural Studies: Critical Methodologies</source>
               <volume>18</volume>
               <issue>5</issue>
               <fpage>314</fpage>
               <lpage>325</lpage>
               <pub-id pub-id-type="doi" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1532708617727755"
                  >10.1177%2F1532708617727755</pub-id>
            </element-citation>
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         <ref id="B2016">
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               </person-group>
               <year>2016</year>
               <source>Frames of war: When is life grievable?</source>
               <publisher-name>Verso Books</publisher-name>
            </element-citation>
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               <source>Culture-centered music therapy</source>
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            </element-citation>
         </ref>
      </ref-list>
   </back>
</article>
