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   <front>
      <journal-meta>
         <journal-id journal-id-type="DOAJ">15041611</journal-id>
         <journal-title-group>
            <journal-title>Voices: A World Forum for Music Therapy</journal-title>
         </journal-title-group>
         <issn>1504-1611</issn>
         <publisher>
            <publisher-name>GAMUT - Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre (NORCE &amp;
               University of Bergen)</publisher-name>
         </publisher>
      </journal-meta>
      <article-meta>
         <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15845/voices.v19i3.2904</article-id>
         <article-categories>
            <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
               <subject>Editorial</subject>
            </subj-group>
         </article-categories>
         <title-group>
            <article-title>Querying Dialogues</article-title>
            <subtitle>A Performative Editorial on Queering Music Therapy</subtitle>
         </title-group>
         <contrib-group>
            <contrib contrib-type="author">
               <name>
                  <surname>Bain</surname>
                  <given-names>Candice</given-names>
               </name>
               <xref ref-type="aff" rid="C_Bain"/>
               <address>
                  <email>cbain@wi.edu</email>
               </address>
            </contrib>
            <contrib contrib-type="author">
               <name>
                  <surname>Gumble</surname>
                  <given-names>Maevon</given-names>
               </name>
               <xref ref-type="aff" rid="M_Gumble"/>
            </contrib>
         </contrib-group>
         <aff id="C_Bain"><label>1</label>The Wright Institute, CA, USA</aff>
         <aff id="M_Gumble"><label>2</label>Familylinks &amp; Becoming Through Sound, USA</aff>
         <pub-date pub-type="pub">
            <day>1</day>
            <month>11</month>
            <year>2019</year>
         </pub-date>
         <volume>19</volume>
         <issue>3</issue>
         <permissions>
            <copyright-statement>Copyright: 2019 The Author(s)</copyright-statement>
            <copyright-year>2019</copyright-year>
            <license license-type="open-access"
               xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
               <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the
                     <uri>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</uri>, which permits
                  unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the
                  original work is properly cited.</license-p>
            </license>
         </permissions>
         <self-uri xlink:href="https://voices.no/index.php/voices/article/view/2904"
            >https://voices.no/index.php/voices/article/view/2904</self-uri>
      </article-meta>
   </front>
   <body>
      <p>
         <bold>Candice: </bold>When I started my music therapy education, I remember feeling
         unsettled by the essentialism within the purview of the field. From diagnoses to “clinical
         populations” and the “evidence-based” “protocols” to address patterns of pathologized
         behaviors – everything I was learning felt reductionistic. On one hand, I understand why we
         conceptualize things in terms of fixed categories. Our brains are wired to perceive
         similarities. However, I started to reflect on my understandings of myself and realized
         that some of my own identities resisted fixed categories. I identify as queer and mixed
         race, and I started to reflect on what it means to be in the “in-between” or the “both and”
         or the “outside of.”</p>
      <p>During my undergraduate music therapy program in 2012, I took an introductory queer theory
         course, a post-structuralist critical theory that destabilizes sexuality and gender
         categories and challenges the concept of normal, fixed, and binary identities. I was
         particularly impacted by <italic>The History of Sexuality: The Will to Knowledge
            </italic>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="F1978">1978</xref>) by Michel Foucault,
            <italic>Epistemology of the Closet </italic>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="S1990"
            >1990</xref>) by Eve Sedgwick, <italic>Bodies That Matter: On the Discursive Limits of
            “Sex” </italic>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1993">1993</xref>) by Judith Butler,
         Arlene Stein and Ken Plummer’s (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="SP1994">1994</xref>) paper, “I
         can’t even think straight: ‘Queer’ theory and the missing sexual revolution in sociology,”
         Roderick Ferguson’s <italic>Aberrations in Black: Toward a Queer of Color Critique</italic>
            (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="F2004">2004</xref>)<italic>,</italic> and Audre Lorde’s
            (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="L1979">1979</xref>) “The master’s tools will never
         dismantle the master’s house.” What I was learning about queer theory initially seemed to
         be at odds with what I was learning in my music therapy classes and reading in our
         literature. It is now 2019, and after much more reading, engagement, and dialogue, the
         conversation about queer theory in music therapy has: expanded beyond sexual orientation
         and gender to other cultural identities, started to attend more to intersectionality, and
         started to challenge the very foundations, boundaries, and biases of music therapy.</p>
      <p>
         <bold>Maevon: </bold>Two years into working on a dual degree in music education and women's
         and gender studies, I realized that I did not want to teach music but rather to be in music
         with others within a more therapeutic context. At this point, I explored within a feminist
         research methods course what feminist music therapy was, casually interviewing several
         music therapists who had written on this topic. I became most aware of issues of power and
         privilege, particularly considering how these issues might be at play within music therapy.
         Through these intersections, I found myself entering the music therapy field, attending the
         university where two of the feminist music therapists that I interviewed taught. Through
         the discussions that I had been having with them and others, I think that I was a bit
         ignorant to the fact that these ideas weren’t as widely accepted by the broader field. I
         began engaging more directly with queer theory and, similar to some of the texts that
         Candice has mentioned, I was particularly impacted by Judith Butler’s <italic>Gender
            Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity </italic>(<xref ref-type="bibr"
            rid="B1990">1990</xref>), <italic>Bodies That Matter: On the Discursive Limits of
            “Sex” </italic>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1993">1993</xref>), and <italic>Undoing
            Gender</italic> (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2004">2004</xref>) and Michel Foucault’s
            <italic>Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison</italic> (<xref ref-type="bibr"
            rid="F1975">1975</xref>) and <italic>The History of Sexuality: The Will to
            Knowledge</italic> (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="F1978">1978</xref>). Through reading
         their work, I have realized that queer theory is rich with opportunity, offering an
         ever-expanding framework from which we can attempt to queer—that is, to call into question,
         to critique, to dismantle, to unsettle—dominant and normative ways of existing with both
         ourselves and with others in music therapy practice, education, and research.</p>
      <p>
         <bold>Maevon and Candice: </bold>For the sake of transparency, positioning ourselves, and
         deeply engaging with these concepts, we want to dialogue around the following question for
         our editorial: What does it mean to queer music therapy? The phrase “dialogue around” is
         intentionally used to represent anti-essentialism and refute clear, stable, and fixed
         meanings. After all, queer theory is not a monolith and we are not the experts. Stating
         this is not to obscure our understandings on this topic or to relinquish responsibility as
         co-editors of this special issue but to situate this conversation as a query between not
         only us but with the field as a whole. Our personal journeys and engagement with queer
         theory “met” at Slippery Rock University, where we both completed our Master of Music
         Therapy degrees and where we started dialoguing with each other and our peers about queer
         theory in complex ways. We continued to consider the implications of these ideas beyond
         gender and sexuality to identity more broadly and to how queer theory and ‘queering’ might
         be one way of destabilizing dominant normative understandings within music therapy.</p>
      <!-- sec lvl 2 begin -->
      <sec>
         <title>What does queer theory mean, to us?</title>
         <p>Queer theory foregoes the fixity and steadiness of cut-and-dry labels, of clarity and
            certainty. Instead, we understand queer theory as begging of us to embrace the
            complexities and becoming-ness of human existence—to sit within river deltas,</p>
         <p>where the river meets the ocean or a larger body of water,</p>
         <p>where the water slows down, almost stagnant, to deposit sediments that cannot be carried
            on,</p>
         <p>where some of the most fertile lands exist with some of the most diverse vegetation,</p>
         <p>where growth is plentiful and change is as constant as the ever-flowing water.</p>
         <fig id="fig1">
            <label>Figure 1</label>
            <caption>
               <p>Blue and green hand-drawn aerial view of a river delta.</p>
            </caption>
            <graphic id="graphic1"
               xlink:href="Pictures/100000000000035D000002E0ACED6485F4BB96E8.jpg"/>
         </fig>
         <p>Alongside the beauty of queer theory as the water in a river delta, queer theory also
            calls for a violent dismantling of rigid identity categories – establishing space where
            this water might rush in to shatter normative understandings of the glass houses we
               <italic>all </italic>live in. This is where we can contest hegemony – because,
            perhaps, we <italic>should</italic> throw stones.</p>
      </sec>
      <!-- sec lvl 2 end -->
      <!-- sec lvl 2 begin -->
      <sec>
         <title>What does it mean to queer music therapy?</title>
         <p>One answer might be that we – as music therapists, educators, and students—slow down our
            clinical, educational, and research practices to enter the fertile waters of our own
            'river deltas,' to examine the in-between's and both/and's of our work, and also that
            which expands beyond, moves outside of, circles around, and goes through. This is where
            we notice the psychic effects of norms that maintain power hierarchies, spreading like
            mist through our understandings of ourselves and our self-other relations, permeating
            the atmosphere almost invisibly. It is, perhaps, here – as we sit within the dirt,
            noticing the ways it creates a mess of what we know – where we are able to grow and
            expand.</p>
         <p>In this special issue, this question is deeply considered in a wide variety of ways. Vee
            Gilman Fansler, Ashley Taylor, Freddy Perkins, ezequiel bautista, Rachel Reed, and Susan
            Hadley explore a queering pedagogy through examining borders within music therapy
            education, referencing Gloria Anzaldúa’s theory of borderlands. Sue Baines, Judah
            Pereira, Jennyfer Hatch, and Jane Edwards reflect on and reveal heteronormative and
            cisnormative values in music therapy education, advancing ways to make classroom and
            practicum settings a safer and exploring space. Maren Metell explores the
            overlaps of queer theory and disability studies and ideas of neuroqueering, specifically
            considering the language that is often used to describe disabled children and their
            families. Guro Klyve presents the topic of epistemic injustice and the overlaps of
            feminist theory and queer theory within music therapy, particularly considering children
            and patients in mental healthcare. Simon Gilbertson deeply presents his own thought
            processes and ideas related to the Queer Nervous non-System and queering our
            sensibilities as music therapists. Julia Fent explores the queering potential of
            improvisation, in particular considering Julia Kristeva’s ideas of the semiotic/symbolic
            and queer theory. Brian Harris considers musical engagement and the possibilities for
            intentionally queering the psychotherapeutic relationship through intersubjectivity and
            disclosure. Elly Scrine presents a conceptualization of songwriting with youth to
            explore gender and sexuality as an ‘after-queer’ approach, informed by their Ph.D. work.
            Spencer Hardy and Juniper Monypenny explore instances of queering within a community
            program for trans, nonbinary, and gender creative youth. Maevon Gumble presents on the
            ways that queer theories have served as a foundation for the gender affirming voicework
            method that they continue to develop. Colin Andrew Lee explores his identity as a queer
            music therapist through queer autoethnography, specifically through piano improvisations
            and poetry. Importantly, a time-sensitive interactive space has been created that
            provides you the reader/listener/perceiver/interactor with the opportunity to creatively
            respond to Colin’s work. This space can be found here
               <uri>https://padlet.com/queeringMT/interactive</uri>, where you’ll be able to upload
            creative content up until February 28th, 2020, when the space will be archived.</p>
         <p>To queer the finality of publications and acknowledge the fluidity of our identities
            over time, we welcome communication regarding name changes (or other identifiers such as
            gender pronouns, sexuality, etc.) within these papers (authorship, references, etc.) and
            bios by emailing us at <uri>mailto:bain.gumble@gmail.com</uri>. After communicating with
            the copyediting and production team, this offer is also being extended to any other
            papers in other issues of <italic>Voices: A World Forum for Music Therapy</italic>.</p>
         <p>We want to thank all of the contributors to this special issue, including the authors,
            reviewers, copyediting and production team, and the mentors that supported us throughout
            this inquiry. Being editors was, at times, challenging for us. Holding that position of
            power felt antithetical to what queer theory calls for. It came with the ability to
            moderate this discourse in ways that might uphold dominant ideologies of knowledge
            production. We’ve appreciated the ways that everyone involved in this process, from
            authors all the way to the production team, were willing to engage in substantial,
            productive, but at times, painful critique. There were multiple submissions that,
            although they would be strong contributions to the literature on LGBTQ+ issues in music
            therapy, did not sufficiently engage with queer theory literature outside of music
            therapy and were thus not a fit for what this special issue was calling for. We
            appreciate the efforts of these authors and hope to see them in publication here or
            elsewhere in the future.</p>
         <p>Thank you for queering music therapy with us, as we sit in the discomfort of the deltas
            and the dirt—throwing stones at the glass castles of research, academia, and practice
            that uphold rigid, pathologizing, and hierarchical notions of identity. This special
            issue is rich with important explorations of queer theory and the field of music
            therapy. This richness goes to show that there are many ways to consider acts of
            'queering' within this profession and even more to be realized and further explored.</p>
      </sec>
      <!-- sec lvl 2 end -->
   </body>
   <back>
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