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   <front>
      <journal-meta>
         <journal-id journal-id-type="DOAJ">15041611</journal-id>
         <journal-title-group>
            <journal-title>Voices: A World Forum for Music Therapy</journal-title>
         </journal-title-group>
         <issn>1504-1611</issn>
         <publisher>
            <publisher-name>Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, Uni Research
               Health</publisher-name>
         </publisher>
      </journal-meta>
      <article-meta>
         <article-id pub-id-type="doi">https://dx.doi.org/10.15845/voices.v17i3.941</article-id>
         <article-categories>
            <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
               <subject>Invited Submission - Special Issue</subject>
            </subj-group>
         </article-categories>
         <title-group>
            <article-title>“The Lines Between Us”: Exploring the Identity of the Community Musician
               Through an Arts Practice Research Approach</article-title>
         </title-group>
         <contrib-group>
            <contrib contrib-type="author">
               <name>
                  <surname>Turner</surname>
                  <given-names>Kathleen</given-names>
               </name>
               <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
               <address>
                  <email>kathleen.turner@ul.ie</email>
               </address>
            </contrib>
         </contrib-group>
         <aff id="aff1"><label>1</label>Irish World Academy of Music and Dance, Ireland</aff>
         <contrib-group>
            <contrib contrib-type="editor">
               <name>
                  <surname>Viega</surname>
                  <given-names>Michael</given-names>
               </name>
            </contrib>
         </contrib-group>
         <contrib-group>
            <contrib contrib-type="reviewer">
               <name>
                  <surname>Hadley</surname>
                  <given-names>Susan</given-names>
               </name>
            </contrib>
         </contrib-group>
         <pub-date pub-type="pub">
            <day>1</day>
            <month>11</month>
            <year>2017</year>
         </pub-date>
         <volume>17</volume>
         <issue>3</issue>
         <history>
            <date date-type="received">
               <day>12</day>
               <month>6</month>
               <year>2017</year>
            </date>
            <date date-type="accepted">
               <day>29</day>
               <month>9</month>
               <year>2017</year>
            </date>
         </history>
         <permissions>
            <copyright-statement>Copyright: 2017 The Author(s)</copyright-statement>
            <copyright-year>2017</copyright-year>
         </permissions>
         <abstract>
            <p>This artist statement and video offer an extract from an auto-ethnographic
               performance of my learning journey as a doctoral student, titled The Lines Between
               Us. The video provides an example of how I used arts practice research in my doctoral
               thesis to bring together multiple aspects of my identity: those of singer,
               songwriter, community musician, and researcher. I utilised my skills as a singer and
               songwriter in order to better understand my practice as a community musician, to
               communicate my learning process to an audience, and to become a more empathetic and
               effective facilitator working in a field that is deeply connected to social justice.
               Since the video presented is a sample from a much larger work, this artist statement
               provides context for the reader / audience and guidance on how to engage meaningfully
               with the performance. In particular, this statement will consider the following: What
               is community music? Why arts practice research? What did this performance seek to
               achieve? The audience is invited to experience this performance
               and to further discuss its efficacy by engaging with a series of points to
               consider.</p>
         </abstract>
         <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author-generated">
            <kwd>community music</kwd>
            <kwd>autoethnography</kwd>
         </kwd-group>
      </article-meta>
   </front>
   <body>
      <!-- sec lvl 2 begin -->
      <sec>
         <title>Video submission</title>
         <media mimetype="video" specific-use="embed" xlink:href="https://www.youtube.com/embed/sCKb30Cx6ik"/>
      </sec>
      <!-- sec lvl 2 end -->
      <!-- sec lvl 2 begin -->
      <sec>
         <title>Introduction</title>
         <p>I am a singer, songwriter, community musician and researcher; consequently, my
            professional identity has multiple layers. This video provides an example of how I used
            arts practice research in my doctoral thesis to bring together these multiple aspects of
            identity. I utilised my skills as a singer and songwriter in order to better understand
            my practice as a community musician, to communicate my learning process to an audience,
            and to become a more empathetic and effective facilitator working in a field that is
            deeply connected to social justice. Since the video presented is a sample from a much
            larger work, this artist statement provides context for the reader / audience and
            guidance on how to engage meaningfully with the performance. In particular, this
            statement will consider the following:</p>
         <list list-type="bullet">
            <list-item>
               <p>What is community music?</p>
            </list-item>
            <list-item>
               <p>Why arts practice research?</p>
            </list-item>
            <list-item>
               <p>What did this performance seek to achieve?</p>
            </list-item>
            <list-item>
               <p>What further implications does this research have?</p>
            </list-item>
         </list>
      </sec>
      <!-- sec lvl 2 end -->
      <!-- sec lvl 2 begin -->
      <sec>
         <title>What Is Community Music?</title>
         <p>Community music is a fluid and often contested term (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="HW2017"
               >Higgins &amp; Willingham, 2017</xref>) and can be understood from a variety of
            perspectives. My use of the term is influenced by the work of Higgins (<xref
               ref-type="bibr" rid="H2012">2012</xref>) who defines community musicians as
            follows:</p>
         <disp-quote>
            <p>skilled music leaders, who facilitate group music-making in environments that do not
               have set curricula. Here, there is an emphasis on people, participation, context,
               equality of opportunity, and diversity. Musicians who work this way seek to create
               relevant and accessible music-making experiences that integrate activities such as
               listening, improvising, musical intervention, and performing. (p. 5)</p>
         </disp-quote>
         <p>Community music rests on the belief that everyone has the potential to contribute to a
            creative practice and on the conviction that everyone has the right to access
            opportunities to participate in music-making. With this in mind, community musicians are
            defined as much by our social and cultural intentions and beliefs as we are recognized
            by the content of our work. Sound Sense (the UK based community music organization)
            defines the integrity of a community music initiative, “there has to be active music
            creation, equality is central and the music making itself somehow tells the tale of the
            community that’s making it. This is about what the music does as well as what the music
            is” (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="HM2013">Deane, in Harrison &amp; Mullen, 2013, p. 41</xref>).</p>
         <p>Therefore, if my doctoral research performance were to be successful, I would have to
            utilize my skills as singer songwriter to demonstrate my practice as a community
            musician and to better understand my commitment to “cultural democracy” (<xref
               ref-type="bibr" rid="H2012">Higgins, 2012, p. 7</xref>).</p>
      </sec>
      <!-- sec lvl 2 end -->
      <!-- sec lvl 2 begin -->
      <sec>
         <title>Why Arts Practice Research?</title>
         <p>Arts practice research can be challenging and deeply rewarding, pushing the artist to
            articulate how their art is a site of ‘knowledge production’ and, in doing so, bring
            artistic and academic identities together. This is a difficult line to navigate, meaning
            that this approach to research is still treated with some suspicion (<xref
               ref-type="bibr" rid="N2013">Nelson, 2013</xref>). However, many artist-researchers
            have successfully established the validity of this approach, using art forms such as
            poetry, dance, and story as a means for producing and communicating research (<xref
               ref-type="bibr" rid="BC2001">Bagley &amp; Cancienne, 2001</xref>; <xref
               ref-type="bibr" rid="Q2007">Quaye, 2007</xref>; <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="S2001"
               >Spry 2001</xref>). Arts practice research creates space for us to
               <italic>feel</italic> as well as to verbalise knowledge. As Ronald Pelias (<xref
               ref-type="bibr" rid="P2004">2004</xref>) argues, “there is more than making a
            case, more than establishing criteria and authority, more than what is typically offered
            up. That ‘more’ has to with the heart, the body, the spirit” (p. 1).</p>
         <p>As a community musician, I was seeking methods that allowed me to interrogate my work
            with children and effectively communicate and discuss the resulting knowledge with an
            audience of my peers. By ‘singing the data’ (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="BC2001">Bagley
               &amp; Cancienne, 2001</xref>) I sought to invite the audience into the aesthetic and
            emotive experience of the workshop, before asking them to consider its wider social
            impact.</p>
      </sec>
      <!-- sec lvl 2 end -->
      <!-- sec lvl 2 begin -->
      <sec>
         <title>What Did This Performance Seek to Achieve?</title>
         <p>The video provided is one small extract from a larger auto-ethnographic performance
            mapping the learning process of the PhD. The overall performance maps my learning
            journey as a doctoral student in which I was exploring the role of the community
            musician in a process of social regeneration, focusing on a specific long-term community
            music project with children. From 2008 – 2016, I collaborated with the Irish Chamber
            Orchestra to develop a programme for children in two primary schools, titled
               <italic>Sing Out with Strings.</italic> The programme works with 300 primary school
            children on an annual basis. As part of <italic>Sing Out with Strings, </italic>every
            child is provided with a weekly group workshop in singing and songwriting, two weekly
            workshops in instrumental tuition, optional after-school orchestra and choir, and
            multiple performance opportunities. The specific workshop I refer to in this video took
            place during my regular work as a community musician in this context. </p>
         <p>I began this research endeavour by looking for proof of the changes that community music
            brought about in others – I ended by acknowledging the changes that our musical
            community had brought about in me. This shift in perspective was made possible by the
            insights achieved through the reflexive nature of arts practice research.</p>
         <p>When my research began, I had a very clear sense of my identity as a community musician.
            It was separate and distinct from my role as a singer, songwriter, and performer.
            However, through engaging in the level of reflexive work that arts practice research
            requires, I began to realize that my work as a performing artist was central to the
            progress of my community music work and vice versa – rather than being mutually
            exclusive, they were in fact complementary, overlapping, and feeding into one another.
            The lines I had previously drawn to divide my personal and professional / facilitator
            and performer selves began to blur and fade. Instead, I began to explore lines that
            connected these selves and reached out to others, crossing back and forth, and forming
            an elaborate weave. The purpose of this process was not to disclose this new awareness
            to the community of children I work with. Instead, I hoped to develop a heightened level
            of reflexivity and a greater understanding of how my ‘private self’ impacted on how I
            conducted my community music work and research. Emotions, experiences, and lessons
            learned in my life outside of school began to walk into the workshop with me. Likewise,
            lessons learned with and from the children I work with were carried back out into my own
            compositional work and life beyond school. As Greene (<xref ref-type="bibr"
               rid="G1995">1995</xref>) argues, “through preferring experiences of the arts or
            storytelling, teachers can keep seeking connection points among their personal histories
            and the histories of those they seek to teach” (p. 42). </p>
         <p>As I have acknowledged in previous work (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="T2016">Turner
               2016</xref>), the aims I had at the beginning of this research process gradually and
            significantly changed over time. When I began, I was searching for:</p>
         <disp-quote>
            <p>…evidence of improved school attendance, higher self-esteem, better concentration,
               greater social and academic engagement - proof that making music together added to
               children’s personal and social development and therefore contributed to a
               ‘regenerating’ community. That was, after all, the “grand narrative” I was operating
               within; the “professional knowledge landscape” where I facilitated the creative work
               of others, leading to an experience of gradual, transformative change (<xref
                  ref-type="bibr" rid="CC2000">Clandinin &amp; Connolly, 2000, p. 57</xref>). (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="T2016"
                  >Turner, 2016, p. 210</xref>)</p>
         </disp-quote>
         <p>Over time, I gradually relinquished the need for this ‘proof’. Through the use of
            narrative inquiry and the tools of autoethnography, including the exploration of
            personal memory and experience as data, I began “to interrogate that knowledge
            landscape, to examine the ‘grand narrative’ of my identity as a community musician with
            fresh eyes.” (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="T2016">Turner, 2016, p. 210</xref>). </p>
      </sec>
      <!-- sec lvl 2 end -->
      <!-- sec lvl 2 begin -->
      <sec>
         <title>What Further Implications Does This Research Have On My Practice?</title>
         <p>I intended this performance as a way to share, and to understand who I am, who I have
            been, and who I am becoming (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="HCHS2013">Huber et al.,
               2013, p. 214</xref>). I was actively
            seeking various entries into the storied experience, approaching the development of this
            research as “an acknowledgement of blurred, tentative, and multiple ways of knowing”
            (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="HCHS2013">Pinnegar &amp; Daynes, in Huber at al.,
               2013, p. 217</xref>). With that in mind,
            the implications of this research on my own practice were deep, wide, and varied.
            Perhaps most pertinent to this performance extract is my understanding of
               <bold>reflexivity</bold>. Reflexive practice is central to the people-centred work of
            a community musician. Etherington (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="E2004">2004</xref>)
            describes this as:</p>
         <disp-quote>
            <p>an ability to notice our responses to the world around us, other people and events,
               and to use that knowledge to inform our actions, communications and understandings.
               To be reflexive we need to <italic>aware</italic> of our personal responses and to be
               able to make choices and how to use them. We also need to be aware of the personal,
               social and cultural contexts in which we live and work and to understand how these
               impact on the ways we interpret our world. (p. 19)</p>
         </disp-quote>
         <p>When I engaged in this auto-ethnographic interrogation of my community music work and
            identity, I was pushed to engage in a more nuanced and honest level of reflexivity. This
            is perhaps best understood through Sparkes (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="S2002"
               >2002</xref>) description of a successful auto-ethnography:</p>
         <disp-quote>
            <p>Auto-ethnographies can encourage acts of witnessing, empathy and connection that
               extend beyond the self of the author and thereby contribute to sociological
               understanding in ways that, among others, are self-knowing, self-respectful,
               self-sacrificing and self-luminous. (p. 223)</p>
         </disp-quote>
         <p>By exploring my community music work through story, song and personal memory I engaged
            in this process of witnessing, and sought out connections between experiences within and
            without the workshop that might not otherwise have been discovered. In short, I am more
            aware, alert and ‘awake’ in my community music practice as a direct outcome of this
            auto-ethnographic process. </p>
      </sec>
      <!-- sec lvl 2 end -->
      <!-- sec lvl 2 begin -->
      <sec>
         <title>The Performance</title>
         <p>The extract provided here features two pieces of music from my auto-ethnographic
            performance. The first song presents a moment of ‘zooming in’ on a specific memory from
            a community music workshop (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CC2000">Clandinin &amp; Connolly,
               2000</xref>). The second song is an original composition written to provide a moment
            of ‘zooming out,’ considering the impact of this workshop memory within a wider social
            and political context. In order to let the musical performance speak for itself, no
            further explanation of the songs is given here. Rather, the reader is encouraged to move
            from this text to the performance. </p>
      </sec>
      <!-- sec lvl 2 end -->
      <!-- sec lvl 2 begin -->
      <sec>
         <title>Points to Consider</title>
         <p>After watching the performance extract, readers are encouraged to consider the following
            points and engage in further discussion. These can be explored through dialogue with
            colleagues, or as part of a personal reflexive practice, such as a professional
            journal.</p>
         <list list-type="bullet">
            <list-item>
               <p>How would you describe your role and the context you work in to others
                     <italic>outside</italic> your field? </p>
            </list-item>
            <list-item>
               <p>Cast a critical eye on this description. What are the multiple selves contained
                  within your role? </p>
            </list-item>
            <list-item>
               <p>What (if any) are the connecting points between these multiple selves? </p>
            </list-item>
            <list-item>
               <p>How might you use your artistic /performative practice to explore your
                  professional identity? </p>
            </list-item>
         </list>
      </sec>
      <!-- sec lvl 2 end -->
   </body>
   <back>
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